IB_QPT_RAW_PACKET allows applications to build a complete packet,
including L2 headers, when sending; on the receive side, the HW will
not strip any headers.
This QP type is designed for userspace direct access to Ethernet; for
example by applications that do TCP/IP themselves. Only processes
with the NET_RAW capability are allowed to create raw packet QPs (the
name "raw packet QP" is supposed to suggest an analogy to AF_PACKET /
SOL_RAW sockets).
Signed-off-by: Or Gerlitz <ogerlitz@mellanox.com>
Reviewed-by: Sean Hefty <sean.hefty@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <roland@purestorage.com>
Add names for our lockdep classes, so instead of having to decipher
lockdep output with mysterious names:
Chain exists of:
key#14 --> key#11 --> key#13
lockdep will give us something nicer:
Chain exists of:
SRQ-uobj --> PD-uobj --> CQ-uobj
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <roland@purestorage.com>
We have just been investigating kernel panics related to
cq->ibcq.event_handler() completion calls. The problem is that
ib_destroy_qp() fails with -EBUSY.
Further investigation revealed qp->usecnt is not initialized. This
counter was introduced in linux-3.2 by commit 0e0ec7e063
("RDMA/core: Export ib_open_qp() to share XRC TGT QPs") but it only
gets initialized for IB_QPT_XRC_TGT, but it is checked in
ib_destroy_qp() for any QP type.
Fix this by initializing qp->usecnt for every QP we create.
Signed-off-by: Bernd Schubert <bernd.schubert@itwm.fraunhofer.de>
Signed-off-by: Sven Breuner <sven.breuner@itwm.fraunhofer.de>
[ Initialize qp->usecnt in uverbs too. - Sean ]
Signed-off-by: Sean Hefty <sean.hefty@intel.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <roland@purestorage.com>
Clean up sparse warnings in the rdma core layer.
Signed-off-by: Sean Hefty <sean.hefty@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <roland@purestorage.com>
Userspace verbs multicast attach/detach operations on a QP are done
while holding the rwsem of the QP for reading. That's not sufficient
since a reader lock allows more than one reader to acquire the
lock. However, multicast attach/detach does list manipulation that
can corrupt the list if multiple threads run in parallel.
Fix this by acquiring the rwsem as a writer to serialize attach/detach
operations. Add idr_write_qp() and put_qp_write() to encapsulate
this.
This fixes oops seen when running applications that perform multicast
joins/leaves.
Reported by: Mike Dubman <miked@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Eli Cohen <eli@mellanox.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <roland@purestorage.com>
Allow processes that share the same XRC domain to open an existing
shareable QP. This permits those processes to receive events on the
shared QP and transfer ownership, so that any process may modify the
QP. The latter allows the creating process to exit, while a remaining
process can still transition it for path migration purposes.
Signed-off-by: Sean Hefty <sean.hefty@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <roland@purestorage.com>
XRC TGT QPs are shared resources among multiple processes. Since the
creating process may exit, allow other processes which share the same
XRC domain to open an existing QP. This allows us to transfer
ownership of an XRC TGT QP to another process.
Signed-off-by: Sean Hefty <sean.hefty@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <roland@purestorage.com>
Allow user space to operate on XRC TGT QPs the same way as other types
of QPs, with one notable exception: since XRC TGT QPs may be shared
among multiple processes, the XRC TGT QP is allowed to exist beyond the
lifetime of the creating process.
The process that creates the QP is allowed to destroy it, but if the
process exits without destroying the QP, then the QP will be left bound
to the lifetime of the XRCD.
TGT QPs are not associated with CQs or a PD.
Signed-off-by: Sean Hefty <sean.hefty@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <roland@purestorage.com>
XRC INI QPs are similar to send only RC QPs. Allow user space to create
INI QPs. Note that INI QPs do not require receive CQs.
Signed-off-by: Sean Hefty <sean.hefty@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <roland@purestorage.com>
We require additional information to create XRC SRQs than we can
exchange using the existing create SRQ ABI. Provide an enhanced create
ABI for extended SRQ types.
Based on patches by Jack Morgenstein <jackm@dev.mellanox.co.il>
and Roland Dreier <roland@purestorage.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Hefty <sean.hefty@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <roland@purestorage.com>
Allow user space to create XRC domains. Because XRCDs are expected to
be shared among multiple processes, we use inodes to identify an XRCD.
Based on patches by Jack Morgenstein <jackm@dev.mellanox.co.il>
Signed-off-by: Sean Hefty <sean.hefty@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <roland@purestorage.com>
Currently, there is only a single ("basic") type of SRQ, but with XRC
support we will add a second. Prepare for this by defining an SRQ type
and setting all current users to IB_SRQT_BASIC.
Signed-off-by: Sean Hefty <sean.hefty@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <roland@purestorage.com>
In ib_uverbs_poll_cq() code there is a potential integer overflow if
userspace passes in a large cmd.ne. The calls to kmalloc() would
allocate smaller buffers than intended, leading to memory corruption.
There iss also an information leak if resp wasn't all used.
Unprivileged userspace may call this function, although only if an
RDMA device that uses this function is present.
Fix this by copying CQ entries one at a time, which avoids the
allocation entirely, and also by moving this copying into a function
that makes sure to initialize all memory copied to userspace.
Special thanks to Jason Gunthorpe <jgunthorpe@obsidianresearch.com>
for his help and advice.
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <error27@gmail.com>
[ Monkey around with things a bit to avoid bad code generation by gcc
when designated initializers are used. - Roland ]
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
percpu.h is included by sched.h and module.h and thus ends up being
included when building most .c files. percpu.h includes slab.h which
in turn includes gfp.h making everything defined by the two files
universally available and complicating inclusion dependencies.
percpu.h -> slab.h dependency is about to be removed. Prepare for
this change by updating users of gfp and slab facilities include those
headers directly instead of assuming availability. As this conversion
needs to touch large number of source files, the following script is
used as the basis of conversion.
http://userweb.kernel.org/~tj/misc/slabh-sweep.py
The script does the followings.
* Scan files for gfp and slab usages and update includes such that
only the necessary includes are there. ie. if only gfp is used,
gfp.h, if slab is used, slab.h.
* When the script inserts a new include, it looks at the include
blocks and try to put the new include such that its order conforms
to its surrounding. It's put in the include block which contains
core kernel includes, in the same order that the rest are ordered -
alphabetical, Christmas tree, rev-Xmas-tree or at the end if there
doesn't seem to be any matching order.
* If the script can't find a place to put a new include (mostly
because the file doesn't have fitting include block), it prints out
an error message indicating which .h file needs to be added to the
file.
The conversion was done in the following steps.
1. The initial automatic conversion of all .c files updated slightly
over 4000 files, deleting around 700 includes and adding ~480 gfp.h
and ~3000 slab.h inclusions. The script emitted errors for ~400
files.
2. Each error was manually checked. Some didn't need the inclusion,
some needed manual addition while adding it to implementation .h or
embedding .c file was more appropriate for others. This step added
inclusions to around 150 files.
3. The script was run again and the output was compared to the edits
from #2 to make sure no file was left behind.
4. Several build tests were done and a couple of problems were fixed.
e.g. lib/decompress_*.c used malloc/free() wrappers around slab
APIs requiring slab.h to be added manually.
5. The script was run on all .h files but without automatically
editing them as sprinkling gfp.h and slab.h inclusions around .h
files could easily lead to inclusion dependency hell. Most gfp.h
inclusion directives were ignored as stuff from gfp.h was usually
wildly available and often used in preprocessor macros. Each
slab.h inclusion directive was examined and added manually as
necessary.
6. percpu.h was updated not to include slab.h.
7. Build test were done on the following configurations and failures
were fixed. CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL was turned off for all tests (as my
distributed build env didn't work with gcov compiles) and a few
more options had to be turned off depending on archs to make things
build (like ipr on powerpc/64 which failed due to missing writeq).
* x86 and x86_64 UP and SMP allmodconfig and a custom test config.
* powerpc and powerpc64 SMP allmodconfig
* sparc and sparc64 SMP allmodconfig
* ia64 SMP allmodconfig
* s390 SMP allmodconfig
* alpha SMP allmodconfig
* um on x86_64 SMP allmodconfig
8. percpu.h modifications were reverted so that it could be applied as
a separate patch and serve as bisection point.
Given the fact that I had only a couple of failures from tests on step
6, I'm fairly confident about the coverage of this conversion patch.
If there is a breakage, it's likely to be something in one of the arch
headers which should be easily discoverable easily on most builds of
the specific arch.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Guess-its-ok-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com>
This patch adds support for the IB "base memory management extension"
(BMME) and the equivalent iWARP operations (which the iWARP verbs
mandates all devices must implement). The new operations are:
- Allocate an ib_mr for use in fast register work requests.
- Allocate/free a physical buffer lists for use in fast register work
requests. This allows device drivers to allocate this memory as
needed for use in posting send requests (eg via dma_alloc_coherent).
- New send queue work requests:
* send with remote invalidate
* fast register memory region
* local invalidate memory region
* RDMA read with invalidate local memory region (iWARP only)
Consumer interface details:
- A new device capability flag IB_DEVICE_MEM_MGT_EXTENSIONS is added
to indicate device support for these features.
- New send work request opcodes IB_WR_FAST_REG_MR, IB_WR_LOCAL_INV,
IB_WR_RDMA_READ_WITH_INV are added.
- A new consumer API function, ib_alloc_mr() is added to allocate
fast register memory regions.
- New consumer API functions, ib_alloc_fast_reg_page_list() and
ib_free_fast_reg_page_list() are added to allocate and free
device-specific memory for fast registration page lists.
- A new consumer API function, ib_update_fast_reg_key(), is added to
allow the key portion of the R_Key and L_Key of a fast registration
MR to be updated. Consumers call this if desired before posting
a IB_WR_FAST_REG_MR work request.
Consumers can use this as follows:
- MR is allocated with ib_alloc_mr().
- Page list memory is allocated with ib_alloc_fast_reg_page_list().
- MR R_Key/L_Key "key" field is updated with ib_update_fast_reg_key().
- MR made VALID and bound to a specific page list via
ib_post_send(IB_WR_FAST_REG_MR)
- MR made INVALID via ib_post_send(IB_WR_LOCAL_INV),
ib_post_send(IB_WR_RDMA_READ_WITH_INV) or an incoming send with
invalidate operation.
- MR is deallocated with ib_dereg_mr()
- page lists dealloced via ib_free_fast_reg_page_list().
Applications can allocate a fast register MR once, and then can
repeatedly bind the MR to different physical block lists (PBLs) via
posting work requests to a send queue (SQ). For each outstanding
MR-to-PBL binding in the SQ pipe, a fast_reg_page_list needs to be
allocated (the fast_reg_page_list is owned by the low-level driver
from the consumer posting a work request until the request completes).
Thus pipelining can be achieved while still allowing device-specific
page_list processing.
The 32-bit fast register memory key/STag is composed of a 24-bit index
and an 8-bit key. The application can change the key each time it
fast registers thus allowing more control over the peer's use of the
key/STag (ie it can effectively be changed each time the rkey is
rebound to a page list).
Signed-off-by: Steve Wise <swise@opengridcomputing.com>
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
Add a new IB_WR_SEND_WITH_INV send opcode that can be used to mark a
"send with invalidate" work request as defined in the iWARP verbs and
the InfiniBand base memory management extensions. Also put "imm_data"
and a new "invalidate_rkey" member in a new "ex" union in struct
ib_send_wr. The invalidate_rkey member can be used to pass in an
R_Key/STag to be invalidated. Add this new union to struct
ib_uverbs_send_wr. Add code to copy the invalidate_rkey field in
ib_uverbs_post_send().
Fix up low-level drivers to deal with the change to struct ib_send_wr,
and just remove the imm_data initialization from net/sunrpc/xprtrdma/,
since that code never does any send with immediate operations.
Also, move the existing IB_DEVICE_SEND_W_INV flag to a new bit, since
the iWARP drivers currently in the tree set the bit. The amso1100
driver at least will silently fail to honor the IB_SEND_INVALIDATE bit
if passed in as part of userspace send requests (since it does not
implement kernel bypass work request queueing). Remove the flag from
all existing drivers that set it until we know which ones are OK.
The values chosen for the new flag is not consecutive to avoid clashing
with flags defined in the XRC patches, which are not merged yet but
which are already in use and are likely to be merged soon.
This resurrects a patch sent long ago by Mikkel Hagen <mhagen@iol.unh.edu>.
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
Add a create_flags member to struct ib_qp_init_attr that will allow a
kernel verbs consumer to create a pass special flags when creating a QP.
Add a flag value for telling low-level drivers that a QP will be used
for IPoIB UD LSO. The create_flags member will also be useful for XRC
and ehca low-latency QP support.
Since no create_flags handling is implemented yet, add code to all
low-level drivers to return -EINVAL if create_flags is non-zero.
Signed-off-by: Eli Cohen <eli@mellanox.co.il>
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
Commit 9ead190b ("IB/uverbs: Don't serialize with ib_uverbs_idr_mutex")
rewrote how userspace objects are looked up in the uverbs module's
idrs, and introduced a severe bug in the process: there is no checking
that an operation is being performed by the right process any more.
Fix this by adding the missing check of uobj->context in __idr_get_uobj().
Apparently everyone is being very careful to only touch their own
objects, because this bug was introduced in June 2006 in 2.6.18, and
has gone undetected until now.
Cc: stable <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
Export ib_umem_get()/ib_umem_release() and put low-level drivers in
control of when to call ib_umem_get() to pin and DMA map userspace,
rather than always calling it in ib_uverbs_reg_mr() before calling the
low-level driver's reg_user_mr method.
Also move these functions to be in the ib_core module instead of
ib_uverbs, so that driver modules using them do not depend on
ib_uverbs.
This has a number of advantages:
- It is better design from the standpoint of making generic code a
library that can be used or overridden by device-specific code as
the details of specific devices dictate.
- Drivers that do not need to pin userspace memory regions do not
need to take the performance hit of calling ib_mem_get(). For
example, although I have not tried to implement it in this patch,
the ipath driver should be able to avoid pinning memory and just
use copy_{to,from}_user() to access userspace memory regions.
- Buffers that need special mapping treatment can be identified by
the low-level driver. For example, it may be possible to solve
some Altix-specific memory ordering issues with mthca CQs in
userspace by mapping CQ buffers with extra flags.
- Drivers that need to pin and DMA map userspace memory for things
other than memory regions can use ib_umem_get() directly, instead
of hacks using extra parameters to their reg_phys_mr method. For
example, the mlx4 driver that is pending being merged needs to pin
and DMA map QP and CQ buffers, but it does not need to create a
memory key for these buffers. So the cleanest solution is for mlx4
to call ib_umem_get() in the create_qp and create_cq methods.
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
Add a num_comp_vectors member to struct ib_device and extend
ib_create_cq() to pass in a comp_vector parameter -- this parallels
the userspace libibverbs API. Update all hardware drivers to set
num_comp_vectors to 1 and have all ULPs pass 0 for the comp_vector
value. Pass the value of num_comp_vectors to userspace rather than
hard-coding a value of 1.
We want multiple CQ event vector support (via MSI-X or similar for
adapters that can generate multiple interrupts), but it's not clear
how many vectors we want, or how we want to deal with policy issues
such as how to decide which vector to use or how to set up interrupt
affinity. This patch is useful for experimenting, since no core
changes will be necessary when updating a driver to support multiple
vectors, and we know that we want to make at least these changes
anyway.
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@dev.mellanox.co.il>
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
If no matching PD is found in ib_uverbs_reg_mr(), then the function
jumps to err_release without setting the return value ret. This means
that ret will hold the return value of the call to ib_umem_get() a few
lines earlier; if the function reaches the point where it looks for
the PD, we know that ib_umem_get() must have returned 0, so
ib_uverbs_reg_mr() ends up return 0 for a bad PD ID. Fix this by
setting ret to -EINVAL before jumping to the exit path when no PD is
found.
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
struct ib_wc currently only includes the local QP number: this matches
the IB spec, but seems mostly useless. The following patch replaces
this with the pointer to qp itself, and updates all low level drivers
and all users.
This has the following advantages:
- Ability to get a per-qp context through wc->qp->qp_context
- Existing drivers already have the qp pointer ready in poll cq, so
this change actually saves a tiny bit (extra memory read) on data path
(for ehca it would actually be expensive to find the QP pointer when
polling a CQ, but ehca does not support SRQ so we can leave wc->qp as
NULL for ehca)
- Users that need the QP number can still get it through wc->qp->qp_num
Use case:
In IPoIB connected mode code, I have a common CQ shared by multiple
QPs. To track connection usage, I need a way to get at some per-QP
context upon the completion, and I would like to avoid allocating
context object per work request just to stick a QP pointer into it.
With this code, I can just use wc->qp->qp_context.
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@mellanox.co.il>
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
Return the sq_draining value back to user space for query_qp instead
of the en_sqd_async notify value, which is valid only for
modify_qp. For query_qp, the draining status should returned.
Signed-off-by: Jack Morgenstein <jackm@mellanox.co.il>
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
Remove some trailing whitespace that has snuck in despite the best
efforts of whitespace=error-all. Also fix a few other whitespace
bogosities.
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
Pass a struct ib_udata to the low-level driver's ->modify_srq() and
->modify_qp() methods, so that it can get to the device-specific data
passed in by the userspace driver.
Signed-off-by: Ralph Campbell <ralph.campbell@qlogic.com>
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
Add a ib_uverbs_resize_cq_resp.driver_data field so that low-level
drivers can return data from a resize CQ operation to userspace. Have
ib_uverbs_resize_cq() only copy the cqe field, to avoid having to bump
the userspace ABI.
Signed-off-by: Ralph Campbell <ralph.campbell@qlogic.com>
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
Lockdep warns when userspace creates a QP that uses different CQs for
send completions and receive completions, because both CQs are locked
and their mutexes belong to the same lock class. However, we know
that the mutexes are distinct and the nesting is safe (there is no
possibility of AB-BA deadlock because the mutexes are locked with
down_read()), so annotate the situation with SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING to
get rid of the lockdep warning.
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
There were two functions that open-coded idr_read_cq() in terms of
idr_read_uobj() rather than using the helper.
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
Lockdep warns because uverbs is trying to take uobj->mutex when it
already holds that lock. This is because there are really multiple
types of uobjs even though all of their locks are initialized in
common code.
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
ib_uverbs_create_ah() and ib_uverbs_create_srq() did not release the
PD's read lock in their error paths, which lead to deadlock when
destroying the PD.
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@mellanox.co.il>
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
Store away the user handle passed in from userspace when creating an
SRQ, so that the kernel can return the correct handle when an SRQ
asynchronous event occurs. (A 0 was incorrectly stored as the user
handle as part of the changes in 9ead190b, "IB/uverbs: Don't serialize
with ib_uverbs_idr_mutex")
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
In ib_uverbs_post_send(), move the "out:" label after the loop that
frees the list of work requests, since the only place that jumps there
is before any work requests could possibly be added to the list.
This removes a compile warning: "is_ud might be used uninitialized in
this function".
Signed-off-by: Krishna Kumar <krkumar2@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
Currently, all userspace verbs operations that call into the kernel
are serialized by ib_uverbs_idr_mutex. This can be a scalability
issue for some workloads, especially for devices driven by the ipath
driver, which needs to call into the kernel even for datapath
operations.
Fix this by adding reference counts to the userspace objects, and then
converting ib_uverbs_idr_mutex into a spinlock that only protects the
idrs long enough to take a reference on the object being looked up.
Because remove operations may fail, we have to do a slightly funky
two-step deletion, which is described in the comments at the top of
uverbs_cmd.c.
This also still leaves ib_uverbs_idr_lock as a single lock that is
possibly subject to contention. However, the lock hold time will only
be a single idr operation, so multiple threads should still be able to
make progress, even if ib_uverbs_idr_lock is being ping-ponged.
Surprisingly, these changes even shrink the object code:
add/remove: 23/5 grow/shrink: 4/21 up/down: 633/-693 (-60)
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
Factor out common code for adding a userspace object to an idr into a
function idr_add_uobj(). This shrinks both the source and object code:
add/remove: 1/0 grow/shrink: 0/6 up/down: 57/-220 (-163)
function old new delta
idr_add_uobj - 57 +57
ib_uverbs_create_ah 543 512 -31
ib_uverbs_create_srq 662 630 -32
ib_uverbs_reg_mr 737 699 -38
ib_uverbs_create_cq 639 600 -39
ib_uverbs_alloc_pd 485 446 -39
ib_uverbs_create_qp 1020 979 -41
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
In error paths when destroying an object, uverbs should not decrement
associated objects' usecnt, since ib_dereg_mr(), ib_destroy_qp(),
etc. already do that.
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
If ibdev->alloc_ucontext() fails then ib_uverbs_get_context() does not
unlock file->mutex before returning error.
Signed-off by: Ganapathi CH <cganapathi@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
The old code incorrectly used the primary P_Key index as the alternate
index too.
Signed-off-by: Ami Perlmutter <amip@mellanox.co.il>
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
The old code didn't convert from the kernel's enum correctly.
Signed-off-by: Dotan Barak <dotanb@mellanox.co.il>
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
Pass actual capacity of created SRQ back to userspace, so that
userspace can report accurate capacities. This requires an ABI bump,
to change struct ib_uverbs_create_srq_resp.
Signed-off-by: Dotan Barak <dotanb@mellanox.co.il>
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
Add support to uverbs to handle querying userspace SRQs (shared
receive queues), including adding an ABI for marshalling requests and
responses. The kernel midlayer already has the underlying
ib_query_srq() function.
Signed-off-by: Dotan Barak <dotanb@mellanox.co.il>
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
Add support to uverbs to handle querying userspace QPs (queue pairs),
including adding an ABI for marshalling requests and responses. The
kernel midlayer already has the underlying ib_query_qp() function.
Signed-off-by: Dotan Barak <dotanb@mellanox.co.il>
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
Al Viro