From 7b75b218c03b00c14a1d3cf2116052c675d0fb93 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Neels Hofmeyr <neels@hofmeyr.de>
Date: Tue, 3 Dec 2019 15:38:31 +0100
Subject: add utils/osmo-gsm-shark

Change-Id: Ifdfd261f776d9bf2bbfb0a584deac3e9a11bfe47
---
 debian/libosmocore-utils.install |    1 +
 utils/Makefile.am                |    1 +
 utils/osmo-gsm-shark             | 2174 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 2176 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 utils/osmo-gsm-shark

diff --git a/debian/libosmocore-utils.install b/debian/libosmocore-utils.install
index d23cc73a..83f4677f 100644
--- a/debian/libosmocore-utils.install
+++ b/debian/libosmocore-utils.install
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 usr/bin/osmo-arfcn
 usr/bin/osmo-auc-gen
 usr/bin/osmo-config-merge
+usr/bin/osmo-gsm-shark
diff --git a/utils/Makefile.am b/utils/Makefile.am
index 653b7190..0533aab2 100644
--- a/utils/Makefile.am
+++ b/utils/Makefile.am
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ LDADD = $(top_builddir)/src/libosmocore.la $(top_builddir)/src/gsm/libosmogsm.la
 EXTRA_DIST = conv_gen.py conv_codes_gsm.py
 
 bin_PROGRAMS = osmo-arfcn osmo-auc-gen osmo-config-merge
+bin_SCRIPTS = osmo-gsm-shark
 
 osmo_arfcn_SOURCES = osmo-arfcn.c
 
diff --git a/utils/osmo-gsm-shark b/utils/osmo-gsm-shark
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..55d59d9c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/utils/osmo-gsm-shark
@@ -0,0 +1,2174 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+# osmo-gsm-shark: produce a ladder diagram from and/or filter a GSM network pcap by subscriber.
+# Copyright (C) 2019 by Neels Hofmeyr <neels@hofmeyr.de>
+#
+# All Rights Reserved
+#
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+# with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+# 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+
+'''osmo-gsm-shark: produce a ladder diagram from and/or filter a GSM network pcap by subscriber.
+
+Copyright (C) 2019 by Neels Hofmeyr <neels@hofmeyr.de>
+SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
+
+This tool uses tshark (pyshark) to analyze a pcap file or a live network capture to:
+
+- Associate almost all messages with a subscriber. It is possible to filter by subscriber.
+- Separate the different network elements (BSC, MSC, hNodeB, ...).
+- Output a ladder diagram.
+- Combine repetitive messages.
+- Combine/abstract messages into short activity summary.
+
+Examples:
+
+	osmo-gsm-shark -f trace.pcapng
+	osmo-gsm-shark -l any
+
+	osmo-gsm-shark -l any --filter-imsi 901701234567123
+'''
+
+import collections
+import pyshark
+import re
+import sys
+import types
+import time
+
+SHOW_ALL_LAYERS = False
+SCCP_COLLAPSE_STP = True
+IUH_COLLAPSE_HNBGW = True
+
+re_msgtype_label = re.compile('^[01 =.-]*message.type *:* *', re.I)
+re_msgtype_brace = re.compile(' *\([^)]*\) *')
+
+class Color:
+	codes = (
+		('red', '\033[1;31m'),
+		('green', '\033[1;32m'),
+		('yellow', '\033[1;33m'),
+		('blue', '\033[1;34m'),
+		('purple', '\033[1;35m'),
+		('cyan', '\033[1;36m'),
+		('darkred', '\033[31m'),
+		('darkgreen', '\033[32m'),
+		('darkyellow', '\033[33m'),
+		('darkblue', '\033[34m'),
+		('darkpurple', '\033[35m'),
+		('darkcyan', '\033[36m'),
+		('darkgrey', '\033[1;30m'),
+		('grey', '\033[37m'),
+		('brightwhite', '\033[1;37m'),
+		)
+	codes_dict = dict(codes)
+	end = '\033[0;m'
+
+	def colored(code, text):
+		if type(code) is int:
+			code = Color.codes[code % len(Color.codes)][1]
+		else:
+			code = Color.codes_dict[code]
+		return f'{code}{text}{Color.end}'
+
+
+def _self_init(s, **kwargs):
+	for k,v in kwargs.items():
+		setattr(s, k, v)
+
+def set_instance_vars_from_args(**ignore):
+	f = sys._getframe(1)
+	_self_init(**f.f_locals)
+
+def same_nonempty(a, b):
+	if isinstance(a, types.GeneratorType):
+		return list(a) == list(b)
+	return a and a == b
+
+def str_drop(a_str, drop_str):
+	if a_str and a_str.startswith(drop_str):
+		return a_str[len(drop_str):]
+	return a_str
+
+def sane_msgtype(msgtype):
+	if not msgtype:
+		return msgtype
+	msgtype = re_msgtype_label.sub('', msgtype)
+	msgtype = re_msgtype_brace.sub('', msgtype)
+	return msgtype.strip().replace(' ','-')
+
+def dir_vals(elem):
+	strs = []
+	for name in dir(elem):
+		if name.startswith('_'):
+			continue
+		strs.append('%r=%r' % (name, getattr(elem, name)))
+	return '\n' + '\n'.join(strs)
+
+def out_text(*args, **kwargs):
+	print(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+g_current_msg = None
+
+def out_error(*args, **kwargs):
+	out_text(Color.colored('red', '*** ERROR:'), *args, **kwargs)
+	if g_current_msg:
+		out_text(Color.colored('red', '*** ERROR: while processing msg'), g_current_msg.str(traits=True, conversations=True))
+
+# a dict containing a list for each key; l.add(name, item) adds item to the list at key=name.
+class listdict(dict):
+	def _have(ld, name):
+		l = ld.get(name)
+		if not l:
+			l = []
+			ld[name] = l
+		return l
+
+	def add(ld, name, item):
+		l = ld._have(name)
+		l.append(item)
+		return ld
+
+	def add_dict(ld, d):
+		for k,v in d.items():
+			ld.add(k, v)
+
+	def update(ld, other_ld):
+		for name, items in other_ld.items():
+			ld.extend(name, items)
+		return ld
+
+	def extend(ld, name, vals):
+		l = ld._have(name)
+		l.extend(vals)
+		return ld
+
+class Packet:
+	def __init__(s, idx, cap_p):
+		set_instance_vars_from_args()
+		# sanitize impossible attr with dot in its name,
+		# seen gsm_a.bssmap and gsm_a.dtap
+		for name in dir(s.cap_p):
+			if '.' in name:
+				new_name = name.replace('.', '_')
+			elif not name:
+				new_name = 'unnamed'
+			else:
+				continue
+			setattr(s.cap_p, new_name, getattr(s.cap_p, name))
+
+	@classmethod
+	def pget(cls, cap_p, tokens, ifnone=None):
+		if cap_p is None or len(tokens) < 1:
+			return ifnone
+		p_field = getattr(cap_p, tokens[0], None)
+		if p_field is None:
+			return ifnone
+		if len(tokens) > 1:
+			return Packet.pget(p_field, tokens[1:], ifnone=ifnone)
+		return p_field
+
+	def get(s, field, ifnone=None):
+		return Packet.pget(s.cap_p, field.split('.'), ifnone=ifnone)
+
+	def str(s, elem_name=None):
+		strs = []
+		if elem_name:
+			elem = s.get(elem_name)
+		else:
+			elem = s.cap_p
+		return dir_vals(elem);
+
+	def field_names(s, elem_name=None, elem=None):
+		strs = ['', f'=== {elem_name} ===']
+		if elem is None:
+			elem = s.get(elem_name)
+		if not elem:
+			strs.append('None')
+		else:
+			for f in elem._get_all_fields_with_alternates():
+				for n in dir(f):
+					if n.startswith('_'):
+						continue
+					strs.append('%r=%r' % (n, getattr(f, n)))
+		return '\n'.join(strs)
+
+	def all_str(s, elem_name=None, elem=None, depth=1000):
+		strs = []
+		if elem is None:
+			if elem_name:
+				elem = s.get(elem_name)
+			else:
+				elem = s.cap_p
+				elem_name = '/'
+		strs.append('%s:' % elem_name)
+		for name in dir(elem):
+			if name.startswith('_') or name.endswith('_value') or name in [
+					'sort', 'reverse', 'remove', 'pop', 'insert', 'index', 'extend', 'count',
+					'copy', 'clear', 'append', 'zfill', 'max', 'min', 'resolution',
+					]:
+				continue
+			try:
+				full_name = '%s.%s' % (elem_name, name)
+				val = getattr(elem, name)
+				if callable(val) or name in ['base16_value']:
+					continue
+				strs.append('%r=%r' % (full_name, val))
+				if depth and type(val) not in [int, str]:
+					strs.append(s.all_str(full_name, val, depth-1))
+			except:
+				pass
+		if hasattr(elem, '_get_all_fields_with_alternates'):
+			for f in elem._get_all_fields_with_alternates():
+				for n in dir(f):
+					if n.startswith('_'):
+						continue
+					full_name = '%r[%r]' % (elem_name, n)
+					val = getattr(f, n)
+					if callable(val):
+						continue
+					strs.append('%s=%r' % (full_name, val))
+					if depth:
+						strs.append(s.all_str(full_name, val, depth-1))
+		return '\n'.join(strs)
+
+class IpPort:
+	def __init__(s, ip:str=None, port:str=None):
+		set_instance_vars_from_args()
+
+	def __repr__(s):
+		return '%s:%s' % (s.ip, s.port)
+
+	def __str__(s):
+		return repr(s)
+
+	def __eq__(s, other):
+		return str(s) == str(other)
+
+	@classmethod
+	def from_sdp(p:Packet):
+		ip = p.get('sdp.connection_info_address')
+		port = p.get('sdp.media_port')
+		return IpPort(ip, port)
+
+	@classmethod
+	def from_udp_source(cls, p:Packet):
+		ip = p.get('ip.src')
+		port = p.get('udp.srcport')
+		return IpPort(ip, port)
+
+	@classmethod
+	def from_udp_dest(cls, p:Packet):
+		ip = p.get('ip.dst')
+		port = p.get('udp.dstport')
+		return IpPort(ip, port)
+
+	@classmethod
+	def from_tcp_source(cls, p:Packet):
+		ip = p.get('ip.src')
+		port = p.get('tcp.srcport')
+		return IpPort(ip, port)
+
+	@classmethod
+	def from_tcp_dest(cls, p:Packet):
+		ip = p.get('ip.dst')
+		port = p.get('tcp.dstport')
+		return IpPort(ip, port)
+
+	@classmethod
+	def from_sctp_source(cls, p:Packet):
+		ip = p.get('ip.src')
+		port = p.get('sctp.srcport')
+		return IpPort(ip, port)
+
+	@classmethod
+	def from_sctp_dest(cls, p:Packet):
+		ip = p.get('ip.dst')
+		port = p.get('sctp.dstport')
+		return IpPort(ip, port)
+
+class Message:
+	pass
+
+class Trait:
+	def __init__(s, **kwargs):
+		if len(kwargs) > 1:
+			raise Exception('only one trait allowed per Trait(): %r' % kwargs)
+		for k, v in kwargs.items():
+			s.name = k
+			s.val = v
+
+	def __repr__(s):
+		return '%r=%r' % (s.name, s.val)
+
+class Traits(collections.OrderedDict):
+	def __init__(s, *args, **kwargs):
+		for arg in args:
+			s.add(arg)
+		s.set_vals(**kwargs)
+
+	def add(s, trait:Trait):
+		s[trait.name] = trait
+
+	def set(s, name, val):
+		if val is not None:
+			s.add(Trait(**{name: val}))
+
+	def set_vals(s, **kwargs):
+		for k,v in kwargs.items():
+			s.set(k, v)
+
+	def __repr__(s):
+		strs = []
+		for k,trait in s.items():
+			assert k == trait.name
+			strs.append(repr(trait))
+		return '{%s}' % ', '.join(strs)
+
+def find_same_trait(m:Message, messages:list, my_idx:int, proto:str, name:str, max_t=1, operator=any):
+	for i in reversed(range(my_idx)):
+		prev_msg = messages[i]
+		if not prev_msg:
+			continue
+		if prev_msg.finalized:
+			return None
+		if m.timestamp - prev_msg.timestamp > max_t:
+			return None
+		if m.same_traits(prev_msg, proto, name, operator=operator):
+			yield prev_msg
+	return None
+
+class Layer:
+	handler_classes = {}
+	traits = None
+
+	def __init__(s, m:Message, proto:str, msgtype:str, traits:Traits, minor=False, hidden=False):
+		set_instance_vars_from_args()
+		if proto in m.layers:
+			raise Exception(f'duplicate proto {proto} for message')
+		m.layers[proto] = s
+		s.msgtype = sane_msgtype(s.msgtype)
+
+	def label(s):
+		if s.msgtype:
+			return f'{s.proto}.{s.msgtype}'
+		else:
+			return s.proto
+
+	def identify_entities(s, m:Message, messages, my_idx):
+		'''return a list of Message.EntityIdent instances describing source and/or destination entity that message m identifies.'''
+		return None
+
+	def collapse(s, messages, my_idx):
+		'''return the message itself if it remains in messages, if another absorbed it return the other message,
+		or if if it is dropped completely return None'''
+		return messages[my_idx]
+
+	def associate(s, messages, my_idx):
+		'''return the message itself if it remains in messages, if another absorbed it return the other message,
+		or if if it is dropped completely return None'''
+		return messages[my_idx]
+
+	@classmethod
+	def parse(cls, m:Message):
+		if not Layer.handler_classes:
+			for cls in Layer.__subclasses__():
+				name = cls.__name__
+				if not name.startswith('Layer_'):
+					continue
+				proto_name = name[len('Layer_'):]
+				Layer.handler_classes[proto_name] = cls
+
+		for proto_name,child_class in Layer.handler_classes.items():
+			if not m.p.get(proto_name):
+				continue
+			child_class(m)
+
+	def __getattr__(s, name):
+		if name.startswith('_') or name in dir(s):
+			return s.__getattribute__(name)
+		traits = s.__getattribute__('traits')
+		trait = traits.get(name, None)
+		if trait is None:
+			raise Exception('No such trait: %s.%r' % (s.proto, name))
+		return trait.val
+
+
+class Message:
+
+	def __init__(s, p:Packet, finalized=False):
+		set_instance_vars_from_args()
+		s.layers = collections.OrderedDict()
+		s.conversation = None
+		s.count = 1
+		s.count_back = 0
+		s.timestamp = float(p.cap_p.sniff_timestamp)
+		s.hide = False
+		s.src_entity = None
+		s.dst_entity = None
+		s.absorbed = []
+		s.request = None
+		s.response = None
+
+	def is_minor(s):
+		return all(l.minor for l in s.layers.values())
+
+	def is_response(s):
+		return s.response is s
+
+	def is_request(s):
+		return s.request is s
+
+	def get_trait(s, proto:str, name:str, ifnone=None):
+		# allow alternative lists for proto, like s.get_trait(('tcp', 'udp'), 'src')
+		if type(proto) is not str:
+			for proto_ in proto:
+				val = s.get_trait(proto_, name, None)
+				if val is not None:
+					return val
+			return ifnone
+		# allow alternative lists for name, like s.get_trait('tcp', ('src', 'dst))
+		if type(name) is not str:
+			for name_ in name:
+				val = s.get_trait(proto, name_, None)
+				if val is not None:
+					return val
+			return ifnone
+
+		layer = s.layers.get(proto, None)
+		if not layer:
+			return ifnone
+		if name == 'msgtype':
+			return layer.msgtype
+		trait = layer.traits.get(name, None)
+		if trait is None:
+			return ifnone
+		if trait.val is None:
+			return ifnone
+		return trait.val
+
+	def get_traits(s, proto=None, names=None, proto_and_names=None):
+		pn = []
+		if proto or names:
+			pn = [(proto, names)]
+		if proto_and_names:
+			pn.extend(proto_and_names)
+		for proto, names in pn:
+			if names is None:
+				l = s.layers.get(proto, None)
+				if not l:
+					continue
+				names = l.traits.keys()
+			if type(names) is str:
+				names = [names]
+			for name in names:
+				result = s.get_trait(proto, name, ifnone=None)
+				if result is not None:
+					yield (proto, name, result)
+
+	def get_all_traits(s, proto:str):
+		layer = s.layers.get(proto)
+		if not layer:
+			return {}
+		return layer.traits
+
+	def same_traits(s, other_msg, proto:str, name:str, allow_unset=False, operator=all):
+		if type(proto) is not str:
+			return operator(
+				s.same_traits(other_msg, proto_, name, allow_unset=allow_unset)
+				for proto_ in proto
+				)
+
+		if name is None:
+			my_traits = s.get_all_traits(proto)
+			other_traits = other_msg.get_all_traits(proto)
+			names = set(my_traits.keys())
+			names.update(other_traits.keys())
+			name = list(names)
+
+		if type(name) is not str:
+			return operator(
+				s.same_traits(other_msg, proto, name_, allow_unset=allow_unset)
+				for name_ in name
+				)
+
+		val = s.get_trait(proto, name)
+		other_val = other_msg.get_trait(proto, name)
+		if not allow_unset:
+			if val is None or other_val is None:
+				return False
+		return val == other_val
+
+	def set_trait(s, proto, name, val):
+		layer = s.layers.get(proto, None)
+		if layer is None:
+			layer = Layer(s, proto, None, Traits(Trait(name, val)))
+		else:
+			layer.traits.set(name, val)
+
+	def collapse(s, messages, my_idx):
+		'''iterate backwards over recent messages and see if messages can be combined'''
+		orig_msg = messages[my_idx]
+		for layer in s.layers.values():
+			msg = layer.collapse(messages, my_idx)
+			if orig_msg is not msg:
+				break
+		return msg
+
+	def associate(s, messages, my_idx):
+		'''iterate backwards over recent messages and figure out which belong to the same conversation.'''
+		orig_msg = messages[my_idx]
+		for layer in s.layers.values():
+			msg = layer.associate(messages, my_idx)
+			if orig_msg is not msg:
+				break
+		return msg
+
+	class EntityIdent:
+		def __init__(s, proto=None, src_kind=None, src_entity=None, dst_kind=None, dst_entity=None):
+			set_instance_vars_from_args()
+
+	def identify_entities(s, messages, my_idx):
+		'''From protocol and message discriminators, see if we can identify the src and dst port of the message
+		to be of a specific core network entity.'''
+		for layer in s.layers.values():
+			identifieds = layer.identify_entities(s, messages, my_idx)
+			if identifieds is None:
+				continue
+			if isinstance(identifieds, Message.EntityIdent):
+				identifieds = [identifieds]
+
+			for ident in identifieds:
+				s.src_entity = Entity.find_or_create(ident.proto, ident.src_kind, s.src(),
+							ident.src_entity, from_msg=s) or s.src_entity
+				s.dst_entity = Entity.find_or_create(ident.proto, ident.dst_kind, s.dst(),
+							ident.dst_entity, from_msg=s) or s.dst_entity
+
+
+
+	def src(s):
+		return s.get_trait(('tcp','udp','sctp'), 'src')
+
+	def dst(s):
+		return s.get_trait(('tcp','udp','sctp'), 'dst')
+
+	def entity(s, kind):
+		if s.src_entity and s.src_entity.kind == kind:
+			return m.src_entity
+		if s.dst_entity and s.dst_entity.kind == kind:
+			return m.dst_entity
+
+	def src_entity_is(s, kind):
+		return s.src_entity and s.src_entity.kind == kind
+
+	def dst_entity_is(s, kind):
+		return s.dst_entity and s.dst_entity.kind == kind
+
+	def entity_port(s, kind):
+		if s.src_entity and s.src_entity.kind == kind:
+			return s.src()
+		if s.dst_entity and s.dst_entity.kind == kind:
+			return s.dst()
+
+	def same_src_dst(s, other, forward=None, reverse=None):
+		# assume forward and reverse if neither are set.
+		# if one of them is set to True, assume the other as False.
+		if forward is None and reverse is None:
+			forward = True
+			reverse = True
+		a = (str(s.src()), str(s.dst()))
+		b = (str(other.src()), str(other.dst()))
+		if forward and reverse:
+			return sorted(a) == sorted(b)
+		elif forward:
+			return a == b
+		elif reverse:
+			return a == tuple(reversed(b))
+		else:
+			return False
+
+	def conv_layer(s, label):
+		if not s.conversation:
+			return None
+		return s.conversation.layers.get(label)
+
+	@classmethod
+	def parse(cls, p:Packet):
+		m = Message(p)
+		Layer.parse(m)
+		return m
+
+	def label(s):
+		label = []
+		for l in s.layers.values():
+			if not SHOW_ALL_LAYERS:
+				if l.minor:
+					continue
+				if l.hidden and not all((ll.minor or ll.hidden) for ll in s.layers.values()):
+					continue
+			label.insert(0, l.label())
+		return '/'.join(label)
+
+	def subscriber(s):
+		if not s.conversation:
+			return None
+		return s.conversation.subscriber
+
+	def __repr__(s):
+		return s.__str__()
+
+	def __str__(s):
+		return s.str()
+
+	def str(s, ladder=False, one_column_per_kind=False, traits=False, conversations=False):
+		name = s.label()
+		subscr = s.subscriber()
+		if subscr:
+			name = subscr.label() + ' ' + name
+		src = str(s.src())
+		dst = str(s.dst())
+
+		if s.src_entity is not None:
+			src_str = s.src_entity.label()
+		else:
+			src_str = src
+
+		if dst == src:
+			dst_str = '(self)'
+		elif s.dst_entity is not None:
+			dst_str = s.dst_entity.label()
+		else:
+			dst_str = dst
+
+		src_pos = 0
+		dst_pos = 0
+		if s.src_entity:
+			src_pos = s.src_entity.textcolumn(one_column_per_kind)
+		if s.dst_entity:
+			dst_pos = s.dst_entity.textcolumn(one_column_per_kind)
+
+		if not ladder:
+			if src > dst:
+				src_pos = 1
+				dst_pos = 0
+			else:
+				src_pos = 0
+				dst_pos = 1
+
+		if src_pos <= dst_pos:
+			left_pos = src_pos
+			right_pos = dst_pos
+			left_label = src_str
+			right_label = dst_str
+			to_left_count = s.count_back
+			to_right_count = s.count
+		else:
+			left_pos = dst_pos
+			right_pos = src_pos
+			left_label = dst_str
+			right_label = src_str
+			to_left_count = s.count
+			to_right_count = s.count_back
+
+		left_strs = []
+		left_strs.append(left_label)
+		if to_left_count:
+			left_strs.append('<')
+			if to_left_count > 1:
+				left_strs.append(f'{to_left_count}')
+
+		right_strs = []
+		if to_right_count:
+			if to_right_count > 1:
+				right_strs.append(f'{to_right_count}')
+			right_strs.append('>')
+		right_strs.append(right_label)
+
+		real_left_pos = max(0, left_pos - (len(left_label)/2))
+		real_right_pos = right_pos + len(right_label) - (len(right_label)/2)
+
+		left_str = ''.join(left_strs)
+		right_str = ''.join(right_strs)
+
+		mid_gap = real_right_pos - real_left_pos - len(right_str) - len(left_str)
+		mid_gap = max(1, mid_gap)
+
+		if not ladder:
+			mid_name_margin = 6
+		else:
+			mid_name_margin = mid_gap - len(name)
+		if mid_name_margin > 5:
+			mid_gap_strs = ['-' * int(mid_name_margin / 2),
+					name,
+					'-' * int(mid_name_margin - (mid_name_margin/2))]
+			name = ''
+		else:
+			mid_gap_strs = ['-' * int(mid_gap)]
+
+		strs = [' ' * int(real_left_pos),
+			left_str,]
+		strs.extend(mid_gap_strs)
+		strs.append(right_str)
+
+		if ladder:
+			strs = [''.join(strs)]
+			right_end = len(strs[0])
+			label_pos = Entity.textcolumn_for_label
+			diff = label_pos - right_end
+			if diff > 0:
+				strs.append(' ' * int(diff))
+
+		name_items = []
+		if name:
+			name_items.append(name)
+
+		if traits:
+			if isinstance(traits, str):
+				traits = [traits]
+			for proto,l in s.layers.items():
+				if not l.traits:
+					continue
+				if (traits is not True) and (proto not in traits):
+					continue
+				name_items.append('%s%s' % (proto, l.traits))
+
+		if conversations and s.conversation:
+			name_items.append(s.conversation.str(conversations))
+
+		idxs = [s.p.idx] + [a.p.idx for a in s.absorbed]
+		if len(idxs) <= 3:
+			name_items.append('+'.join(str(i) for i in sorted(idxs)))
+		else:
+			name_items.append(f'{min(idxs)}-{max(idxs)}')
+		strs.append(' ')
+		strs.append(' '.join(name_items))
+		return ''.join(strs)
+
+
+	def absorb_msg(s, other_msg):
+		if other_msg and other_msg is not s:
+			s.absorbed.append(other_msg)
+
+		if s.conversation:
+			s.conversation = s.conversation.absorb_conversation(other_msg.conversation)
+			for conv_layer in s.conversation.layers.values():
+				conv_layer.refresh()
+
+class Conversation:
+	next_id = 0
+
+	def __init__(s, conv_layer=None):
+		s.subscriber = None
+		s.messages = []
+		s.layers = {}
+		s.id = Conversation.next_id
+		Conversation.next_id += 1
+		if conv_layer:
+			s.layers[conv_layer.label] = conv_layer
+			conv_layer.conversation = s
+
+	def set_subscriber(s, subscriber):
+		if s.subscriber is subscriber:
+			return
+		was = s.subscriber
+		if not subscriber:
+			s.subscriber = None
+		elif s.subscriber:
+			s.subscriber = s.subscriber.absorb_subscriber(subscriber)
+		else:
+			s.subscriber = subscriber
+		if was is not s.subscriber:
+			if was:
+				was.rm_conversation(s)
+			if s.subscriber:
+				s.subscriber.add_conversation(s)
+
+	def absorb_conversation(s, other):
+		if not other or other is s:
+			return s
+		if s.id > other.id:
+			return other.absorb_conversation(s)
+
+		if other.subscriber is not None:
+			s.set_subscriber(other.subscriber.absorb_subscriber(s.subscriber))
+		other.set_subscriber(None)
+
+		for m in other.messages:
+			m.conversation = s
+			if m not in s.messages:
+				s.messages.append(m)
+				m.conversation = s
+
+		for l in other.layers.values():
+			l = l.absorb_conv_layer(s.layers.get(l.label))
+			l.conversation = s
+			s.layers[l.label] = l
+		other.layers = {}
+
+		for l in s.layers.values():
+			l.refresh()
+		return s
+
+	def rm_conv_layer(s, conv_layer):
+		my_l = s.layers.get(conv_layer.label)
+		if my_l is conv_layer:
+			s.layers.pop(conv_layer.label)
+		conv_layer.conversation = None
+
+	def discard_if_empty(s):
+		if s.layers:
+			return
+		for m in s.messages:
+			m.conversation = None
+		del s
+
+	def add_message(s, msg):
+		if msg is None:
+			return
+		msg.conversation = s
+		if msg not in s.messages:
+			s.messages.append(msg)
+
+	def str(s, layers:list=True):
+		strs = [f'c{s.id}']
+		if layers is not False:
+			strs.append('[')
+			items = []
+			for conv_layer in s.layers.values():
+				if (layers is not True) and (conv_layer.label not in layers):
+					continue
+				items.append(f'{conv_layer}')
+			strs.append(','.join(items))
+			strs.append(']')
+		return ''.join(strs)
+
+	def __repr__(s):
+		return s.str()
+	def __str__(s):
+		return repr(s)
+
+
+class ConversationLayer:
+	label = 'unnamed_conversation_layer'
+	next_id = {}
+
+	def __init__(s):
+		s._match_strs = None
+		s.id = ConversationLayer.get_next_id(s.label)
+		s.conversation = None
+
+	@classmethod
+	def get_next_id(cls, label):
+		n = ConversationLayer.next_id.get(label, 0)
+		ConversationLayer.next_id[label] = n + 1
+		return n
+
+	def ensure_conversation(s):
+		if not s.conversation:
+			Conversation(s)
+		assert s.conversation
+		return s.conversation
+
+	def refresh(s):
+		s._match_strs = None
+
+	def absorb_conv_layer(s, other):
+		if other is None:
+			return s
+
+		# the default way of ConversationLayer doesn't need to take along anything.
+		# The match_strs will simply be regenerated from available messages.
+		# Stateful ConversationLayer impls could overload this to adopt state.
+
+		# If another conversation is adding messages with the same layer,
+		# make sure to update the match strings.
+		keep = s
+		clean = other
+		if other.id < s.id:
+			keep = other
+			clean = s
+		keep.refresh()
+		clean.conversation = None
+		return keep
+
+	def __repr__(s):
+		return f'{s.label}{s.id}{s.match_strs()}'# + (
+			#f'@{s.conversation.str(layers=False)}' if s.conversation else '@no-conversation')
+	def __str__(s):
+		return Color.colored(s.id, repr(s))
+
+	def matches_msg(s, msg:Message):
+		if not s.messages():
+			return True
+		if not msg:
+			return False
+		msa = s.match_strs()
+		msb = s.msg_match_strs(msg)
+		if type(msa) is str:
+			msa = [msa]
+		if type(msb) is str:
+			msb = [msb]
+		r = any(msa_ in msb for msa_ in msa)
+		return r
+
+	def matches_conv_layer(s, other_conv_layer):
+		if not s.messages():
+			return True
+		if not other_conv_layer:
+			return False
+		if not other_conv_layer.messages():
+			return True
+		match_strs = s.match_strs()
+		other_match_strs = other_conv_layer.match_strs()
+		r = any(match_str in other_match_strs for match_str in match_strs)
+		return r
+
+	def merge_conversation_with_msg(s, other_msg):
+		if other_msg.conversation:
+			result = other_msg.conversation.absorb_conversation(s.conversation)
+			conv_layer = result.layers.get(s.label)
+			if conv_layer is None:
+				result.layers[s.label] = s
+				s.conversation = result
+				conv_layer = s
+			return conv_layer
+		else:
+			s.ensure_conversation().add_message(other_msg)
+			s.refresh()
+			return s
+
+	@classmethod
+	def impl_associate(cls, conv_layer, messages, my_idx):
+		msg = messages[my_idx]
+		if conv_layer.association_start(msg):
+			return conv_layer, msg
+		for i in reversed(range(my_idx)):
+			prev_msg = messages[i]
+			if prev_msg is None:
+				continue
+			if prev_msg.finalized:
+				break
+			prev_c = prev_msg.conv_layer(conv_layer.label)
+			if not conv_layer.matches_msg(prev_msg) and not conv_layer.matches_conv_layer(prev_c):
+				continue
+			conv_layer = conv_layer.merge_conversation_with_msg(prev_msg)
+			if conv_layer.association_start(prev_msg):
+				break
+
+		return conv_layer, msg
+
+	@classmethod
+	def associate(cls, messages, my_idx):
+		msg = messages[my_idx]
+		if msg is None:
+			return msg
+		conv_layer = cls().merge_conversation_with_msg(msg)
+
+		conv_layer, msg = cls.impl_associate(conv_layer, messages, my_idx)
+		c = conv_layer.conversation
+		conv_layer.discard_if_empty()
+		return msg
+
+	def discard_if_empty(s):
+		if s.conversation is None:
+			return
+		if s.match_strs():
+			return
+		c = s.conversation
+		c.rm_conv_layer(s)
+		c.discard_if_empty()
+
+	def association_start(s, m:Message):
+		'''If the associations of this ConversationLayer are limited to a period of time, for example if a
+		channel is assigned only from the time of the channel activation, and the channel belongs to a different
+		conversation before that: return True as soon as the given message is such a start condition.'''
+		return False
+
+	def impl_msg_match_strs(s, m:Message):
+		return None
+
+	def msg_match_strs(s, m:Message):
+		imms = s.impl_msg_match_strs(m)
+		if type(imms) is str:
+			imms = [imms]
+		elif imms is None:
+			imms = []
+		return list(sorted(str(match_str) for match_str in imms if match_str))
+
+	def regenerate_match_strs(s):
+		messages = s.messages()
+		if not messages:
+			return []
+		match_tokens = set()
+		for m in messages:
+			tokens = s.msg_match_strs(m)
+			if not tokens:
+				continue
+			match_tokens.update(tokens)
+		return list(sorted(t for t in match_tokens if t))
+
+	def match_strs(s):
+		if s._match_strs is None:
+			s._match_strs = s.regenerate_match_strs()
+		return s._match_strs
+
+	def messages(s):
+		if not s.conversation:
+			return []
+		return s.conversation.messages
+
+
+class Entity:
+	'''A core network program like BSC, MSC, ...'''
+	KINDS_SORTING = ('MS', 'BTS', 'hNodeB', 'BSC', 'MGW@BSC', 'HNBGW', 'STP', 'MSC', 'MGW@MSC', 'MGW', 'SGSN', 'HLR', 'SIPcon', 'PBX', 'GGSN')
+	KINDS_SORTING_EXIST = ()
+	entities = listdict()
+	state_version = 1 # whether to update cached text columns
+	spacing = 5
+	label_spacing = 2
+	textcolumn_for_label = 0
+
+	# proxy / forwarding addresses to ignore, like the STP port
+	blacklist = []
+
+	def __init__(s, kind:str, conversations:list=[]):
+		set_instance_vars_from_args()
+		s.idx = None
+		s.state_version = 0
+		s._textcolumn = None
+		s._kind_textcolumn = None
+		s.ports = listdict()
+		Entity.add(s)
+
+	@classmethod
+	def add(cls, entity):
+		Entity.entities.add(entity.kind, entity)
+		entity.idx = entity.idx_in_kind()
+		if entity.kind not in Entity.KINDS_SORTING_EXIST:
+			# a new kind has come up, refresh Entity.KINDS_SORTING_EXIST
+			exist = []
+			for k in Entity.KINDS_SORTING:
+				if k in Entity.entities.keys():
+					exist.append(k)
+			for k in Entity.entities.keys():
+				if k not in exist:
+					exist.append(k)
+			Entity.KINDS_SORTING_EXIST = tuple(exist)
+
+		Entity.textcolumn_for_label = Entity.calculate_textcolumn(None)
+		Entity.state_version += 1
+
+	@classmethod
+	def count_entities(cls, kind):
+		l = Entity.entities.get(kind)
+		return len(l)
+
+	@classmethod
+	def calculate_kind_textcolumn(cls, kind):
+		'''In text rendering of a ladder diagram, return the text column for this entity kind,
+		if rendering all entities of the same kind in one ladder diagram column.'''
+		col = 0
+		for k in Entity.KINDS_SORTING_EXIST:
+			if k == kind:
+				break
+			col += len(k) + Entity.spacing
+		col += len(kind) / 2
+		return int(col)
+
+	@classmethod
+	def add_to_blacklist(cls, port:IpPort):
+		if port in cls.blacklist:
+			return
+		cls.blacklist.append(port);
+
+	@classmethod
+	def set_known(cls, m:Message):
+		for entities in Entity.entities.values():
+			for e in entities:
+				if e.has_port(m.src()):
+					m.src_entity = e
+				if e.has_port(m.dst()):
+					m.dst_entity = e
+
+	@classmethod
+	def find_or_create(cls, proto, kind, port, matched_entity=None, from_msg=None):
+		if port in Entity.blacklist:
+			return None
+		if matched_entity:
+			matched_entity.add_port(proto, port, from_msg=from_msg)
+			return matched_entity
+		if kind is None:
+			for lkind, l in Entity.entities.items():
+				for e in l:
+					if e.has_port(port):
+						return e
+			return None
+		else:
+			l = Entity.entities.get(kind)
+			if l:
+				for e in l:
+					if e.has_port(port):
+						return e
+			e = Entity(kind)
+			e.add_port(proto, port, from_msg=from_msg)
+			return e
+
+	def label(s):
+		idx = ''
+		if s.idx:
+			idx = str(s.idx + 1)
+		return f'{s.kind}{idx}'
+
+	def __repr__(s):
+		return s.label()
+	def __str__(s):
+		return repr(s)
+
+	def kind_idx(s):
+		'''this entity kind's position in the currently known entity kinds:
+		For 'BSC', if we've seen BTS, BSC and MSC, return 1.'''
+		return Entity.KINDS_SORTING_EXIST.index(s.kind)
+
+	def idx_in_all(s):
+		'''this entity kind's position in all currently known entities:
+		For the second 'BSC', if we've seen 2 BTS, 3 BSC and 1 MSC, return 2 (BTS) + 1 (second BSC) = 3.'''
+		idx = 0
+		for k in Entity.KINDS_SORTING_EXIST:
+			if k == s.kind:
+				idx += Entity.entities.get(s.kind).index(s)
+				return idx
+			idx += Entity.count_entities(k)
+		return idx
+
+	def idx_in_kind(s):
+		'''this entity kind's position in the list of entities of the same kind'''
+		return Entity.entities.get(s.kind).index(s)
+
+	def check_update_state(s):
+		if s.state_version == Entity.state_version:
+			return
+		s._kind_textcolumn = Entity.calculate_kind_textcolumn(s.kind)
+		s._textcolumn = Entity.calculate_textcolumn(s)
+		s.state_version = Entity.state_version
+
+	def textcolumn(s, one_column_per_kind=False, mid=True):
+		s.check_update_state()
+		if one_column_per_kind:
+			midcol = s._kind_textcolumn
+		else:
+			midcol = s._textcolumn
+		if mid:
+			return midcol
+		return int(midcol - (len(s.label()) / 2))
+
+	@classmethod
+	def calculate_textcolumn(cls, s):
+		'''In text rendering of a ladder diagram, return the text column for this entity,
+		if rendering each entity in its own column (not sharing one column per entity kind)'''
+		col = 0
+		for k in Entity.KINDS_SORTING_EXIST:
+			l = Entity.entities.get(k)
+			if s is not None and k == s.kind:
+				for e in l:
+					if e is s:
+						col += len(s.kind) / 2
+						return int(col)
+					col += len(e.label()) + Entity.spacing
+			for e in l:
+				col += len(e.label()) + Entity.spacing
+		if s:
+			raise Exception('entity doesnt exist')
+		return int(col - Entity.spacing + Entity.label_spacing)
+
+	def has_port(s, port, proto=None):
+		if proto:
+			if port in s.ports.get(proto, []):
+				return proto
+			return None
+		for proto,l in s.ports.items():
+			if port in l:
+				return proto
+		return None
+
+	def add_port(s, proto, port, from_msg=None):
+		if s.has_port(port, proto=proto):
+			return
+		s.ports.add(proto, port)
+		out_text(' ' * s.textcolumn(mid=False) + 'New:', s.label(), proto, port)
+
+
+class Subscriber:
+	next_ident = 1
+	imsis = {}
+	tmsis = {}
+
+	def __init__(s, imsi:str=None, tmsis=[], msisdn=None):
+		s.conversations = []
+		set_instance_vars_from_args()
+		s.ident = Subscriber.next_ident
+		Subscriber.next_ident += 1
+		s.imsi = None
+		s.set_imsi(imsi)
+		s.tmsis = []
+		s.add_tmsis(*tmsis)
+		s.conversations = []
+
+	def label(s):
+		if s.imsi:
+			l = [s.imsi]
+		else:
+			l = ['subscr', str(s.ident)]
+			if s.tmsis:
+				l.append(':')
+				l.append(s.tmsis[-1])
+		if s.msisdn:
+			l.append(':')
+			l.append(s.msisdn)
+		return Color.colored(s.ident, ''.join(l))
+
+	def add_conversation(s, c):
+		if c not in s.conversations:
+			s.conversations.append(c)
+
+	def rm_conversation(s, c):
+		if c in s.conversations:
+			s.conversations.remove(c)
+
+	def __repr__(s):
+		return s.label()
+	def __str__(s):
+		return repr(s)
+
+	def set_imsi(s, imsi):
+		if not imsi or s.imsi == imsi:
+			return
+		if imsi in Subscriber.imsis:
+			out_error('duplicate Subscriber for IMSI', imsi)
+			raise Exception('duplicate Subscriber for IMSI', imsi)
+		s.imsi = imsi
+		Subscriber.imsis[imsi] = s
+
+	def add_tmsis(s, *tmsis):
+		if not tmsis:
+			return
+		s.tmsis.extend(tmsis)
+		for tmsi in tmsis:
+			Subscriber.tmsis[tmsi] = s
+
+	@classmethod
+	def identify(cls, msg:Message, messages:list, my_idx:int):
+		subscr = msg.subscriber()
+
+		imsi = msg.get_trait('dtap', 'imsi')
+		tmsi = msg.get_trait('dtap', 'tmsi')
+
+		if imsi:
+			imsi_subscr = Subscriber.by_imsi(imsi)
+			if subscr:
+				subscr = imsi_subscr.absorb_subscriber(subscr)
+			else:
+				subscr = imsi_subscr
+		if tmsi:
+			tmsi_subscr = Subscriber.by_tmsi(tmsi)
+			if subscr:
+				subscr = tmsi_subscr.absorb_subscriber(subscr)
+			else:
+				subscr = tmsi_subscr
+
+		if subscr:
+			subscr.add_message(msg)
+
+	@classmethod
+	def by_imsi(cls, imsi):
+		subscr = Subscriber.imsis.get(imsi)
+		if not subscr:
+			subscr = Subscriber(imsi=imsi)
+		return subscr
+
+	@classmethod
+	def by_tmsi(cls, tmsi):
+		subscr = Subscriber.tmsis.get(tmsi)
+		if not subscr:
+			subscr = Subscriber(tmsis=[tmsi])
+		return subscr
+
+	def absorb_subscriber(s, other):
+		'''It is important to use the return value!
+		s.subscriber = s.subscriber.absorb_subscriber(other_subscriber)
+		Because this freely decides which Subscriber instance should survive.'''
+		if other is None or s is other:
+			return s
+		if not s.imsi and s.ident > other.ident:
+			return other.absorb_subscriber(s)
+
+		if s.imsi and other.imsi and s.imsi != other.imsi:
+			out_error(f'subscriber changes IMSI: {other.imsi} -> {s.imsi}')
+			raise Exception(f'subscriber changes IMSI: {other.imsi} -> {s.imsi}')
+		s.set_imsi(other.imsi or s.imsi)
+		s.add_tmsis(*other.tmsis)
+
+		for c in other.conversations:
+			s.add_conversation(c)
+		return s
+
+	def add_conversation(s, conversation):
+		if not conversation:
+			return
+		s.conversations.append(conversation)
+		conversation.subscriber = s
+
+	def add_message(s, message):
+		if not message:
+			return
+		if not message.conversation:
+			message.conversation = Conversation()
+		s.add_conversation(message.conversation)
+
+class Layer_tcp(Layer):
+	def __init__(s, m:Message):
+		p = m.p
+		traits = Traits(
+			src=IpPort.from_tcp_source(p),
+			dst=IpPort.from_tcp_dest(p),
+			)
+		super().__init__(m=m, proto='tcp', msgtype=None, traits=traits, minor=True)
+
+class Layer_udp(Layer):
+	def __init__(s, m:Message):
+		p = m.p
+		traits = Traits(
+			src=IpPort.from_udp_source(p),
+			dst=IpPort.from_udp_dest(p),
+			)
+		super().__init__(m=m, proto='udp', msgtype=None, traits=traits, minor=True)
+
+class Layer_sctp(Layer):
+	def __init__(s, m:Message):
+		p = m.p
+		traits = Traits(
+			src=IpPort.from_sctp_source(p),
+			dst=IpPort.from_sctp_dest(p),
+			stream_id = p.get('sctp.data_sid'),
+			stream_seq = p.get('sctp.data_ssn'),
+			)
+		super().__init__(m=m, proto='sctp', msgtype=None, traits=traits, minor=True)
+
+class ConversationRtpPort(ConversationLayer):
+	label = 'rtp_port'
+
+	def impl_msg_match_strs(s, m:Message):
+		rtp_ports = []
+		if 'rtp' in m.layers:
+			rtp_ports.append(m.src())
+			rtp_ports.append(m.dst())
+		rtp_ports.append(m.get_trait('rsl', 'rtp_port'))
+		rtp_ports.append(m.get_trait('mgcp', 'rtp_port'))
+		if not any(rtp_ports):
+			return None
+		return rtp_ports
+
+class Layer_rtp(Layer):
+	def __init__(s, m:Message):
+		pt = m.p.get('rtp.p_type')
+		traits = Traits(
+			pt=pt,
+			)
+		super().__init__(m=m, proto='rtp', msgtype=pt, traits=traits)
+
+	def collapse(s, messages, my_idx):
+		pt = s.m.get_trait('rtp', 'pt')
+		src = s.m.src()
+		dst = s.m.dst()
+		for i in reversed(range(my_idx)):
+			prev_msg = messages[i]
+			if not prev_msg:
+				continue
+			if prev_msg.finalized:
+				break
+			if not 'rtp' in prev_msg.layers:
+				if prev_msg.is_minor():
+					continue
+				else:
+					break
+			if prev_msg.get_trait('rtp', 'pt') != pt:
+				continue
+			if s.m.same_src_dst(prev_msg, forward=True):
+				# found a recent RTP similar RTP packet, combine
+				prev_msg.count += 1
+				messages[my_idx] = None
+				prev_msg.absorb_msg(s.m)
+				return prev_msg
+			if s.m.same_src_dst(prev_msg, reverse=True):
+				# same but backwards
+				prev_msg.count_back += 1
+				messages[my_idx] = None
+				prev_msg.absorb_msg(s.m)
+				return prev_msg
+		return s.m
+
+	def associate(s, messages, my_idx):
+		ConversationRtpPort.associate(messages, my_idx)
+		return s.m
+
+class Layer_mgcp(Layer):
+	def __init__(s, m:Message):
+		p = m.p
+		verb = p.get('mgcp.req_verb')
+		rsp = p.get('mgcp.rsp_rspstring')
+		msgtype = verb or rsp or '?'
+		tid = p.get('mgcp.transid', '')
+
+		rtp_port = None
+		sdp_rtp_ip = p.get('sdp.connection_info_address')
+		sdp_rtp_port = p.get('sdp.media_port')
+		if sdp_rtp_ip and sdp_rtp_port:
+			rtp_port = IpPort(sdp_rtp_ip, sdp_rtp_port)
+
+		traits = Traits(
+			tid=tid,
+			endp=p.get('mgcp.req_endpoint'),
+			ci=p.get('mgcp.param_connectionid'),
+			verb=verb,
+			rsp=rsp,
+			rtp_port=rtp_port,
+			)
+
+		super().__init__(m=m, proto='mgcp', msgtype=msgtype, traits=traits)
+
+	def label(s):
+		return f'mgcp{s.tid}.{s.msgtype}'
+
+	def identify_entities(s, m:Message, messages, my_idx):
+		if m.get_trait('mgcp', 'verb') == 'CRCX':
+			return Message.EntityIdent(proto='mgcp', dst_kind='MGW')
+		elif m.is_response() and m.src_entity and m.src_entity.kind == 'MGW':
+			rtp = m.get_trait('mgcp', 'rtp_port')
+			if rtp:
+				m.src_entity.add_port('rtp', rtp)
+		return None
+
+	def associate(s, messages, my_idx):
+		msg = messages[my_idx]
+		if msg.get_trait('mgcp', 'rsp'):
+			t = msg.timestamp
+			for i in reversed(range(my_idx)):
+				prev_msg = messages[i]
+				if not prev_msg:
+					continue
+				if t - prev_msg.timestamp > 1:
+					break
+				if msg.same_traits(prev_msg, 'mgcp', 'tid') and msg.same_src_dst(prev_msg, reverse=True):
+					msg.request = prev_msg
+					msg.response = msg
+					prev_msg.request = prev_msg
+					prev_msg.response = msg
+					break
+
+		Layer_mgcp.ConvMgcp.associate(messages, my_idx)
+		ConversationRtpPort.associate(messages, my_idx)
+		return s.m
+
+	class ConvMgcp(ConversationLayer):
+		label = 'mgcp'
+
+		def impl_msg_match_strs(s, m:Message):
+			mgw = m.entity_port('MGW')
+			if not mgw:
+				return None
+
+			return [f'{mgw}:{name}={val}' for proto, name, val in m.get_traits('mgcp', ('endp', 'ci', 'tid'))]
+
+
+class Layer_sccp(Layer):
+	def __init__(s, m:Message):
+		p = m.p
+		msgtype = p.get('sccp.message_type.showname')
+		traits = Traits(
+			src_lref=p.get('sccp.slr'),
+			dst_lref=p.get('sccp.dlr'),
+			)
+		super().__init__(m=m, proto='sccp', msgtype=msgtype, traits=traits, hidden=True)
+
+	def collapse(s, messages, my_idx):
+		msg = s.m
+
+		# cut out STP hop
+		if SCCP_COLLAPSE_STP:
+			src = msg.get_trait('sctp', 'src')
+			t = msg.timestamp
+			for i in reversed(range(my_idx)):
+				prev_msg = messages[i]
+				if not prev_msg:
+					continue
+				if t - prev_msg.timestamp > 1:
+					break
+				prev_sccp = prev_msg.layers.get(s.proto, None)
+				if prev_sccp is None:
+					continue
+				if src != prev_msg.get_trait('sctp', 'dst'):
+					continue
+				if s.msgtype != prev_sccp.msgtype:
+					continue
+				if not msg.same_traits(prev_msg, 'sccp', ('src_lref', 'dst_lref'), allow_unset=True):
+					continue
+				if not msg.same_traits(prev_msg, 'sctp', 'stream_id'):
+					continue
+				if not msg.same_traits(prev_msg, 'm3ua', ('opc', 'dpc')):
+					continue
+
+				prev_msg.set_trait('sctp', 'dst', msg.get_trait('sctp', 'dst'))
+				prev_msg.absorb_msg(msg)
+				messages[i] = None
+				messages[my_idx] = prev_msg
+				Entity.add_to_blacklist(src)
+				return prev_msg
+		return msg
+
+	def associate(s, messages, my_idx):
+		msg = s.m
+
+		Layer_sccp.ConvSccp.associate(messages, my_idx)
+		return msg
+
+	class ConvSccp(ConversationLayer):
+		label = 'sccp'
+
+		@classmethod
+		def sccp_ref_str(cls, m:Message, src_or_dest:bool):
+			if src_or_dest:
+				addr = m.src()
+				refname = 'src_lref'
+			else:
+				addr = m.dst()
+				refname = 'dst_lref'
+			ref = m.get_trait('sccp', refname)
+			if not ref:
+				return None
+			return '%s#%s' % (addr, ref)
+
+		def impl_msg_match_strs(s, m:Message):
+			return [s.sccp_ref_str(m, src_or_dest=True), s.sccp_ref_str(m, src_or_dest=False)]
+
+class Layer_m3ua(Layer):
+	def __init__(s, m:Message):
+		traits = Traits(
+			opc = m.p.get('m3ua.protocol_data_opc'),
+			dpc = m.p.get('m3ua.protocol_data_dpc'),
+			)
+		super().__init__(m=m, proto='m3ua', msgtype=None, traits=traits, minor=True)
+
+# wireshark commonly falsely classifies a BSSMAP Ciphering Mode Command as RNSAP PDU
+class Layer_rnsap(Layer):
+	def __init__(s, m:Message):
+		p = m.p
+		traits = Traits()
+		msgtype = 'Cipher Mode Command'
+		super().__init__(m=m, proto='bssmap', msgtype=msgtype, traits=traits)
+
+class Layer_bssap(Layer):
+	def __init__(s, m:Message):
+		msgtype = m.p.get('bssap.msgtype.showname')
+		traits = Traits(
+			msgtype_nr=int(m.p.get('bssap.pdu_type'), 16),
+			)
+
+		super().__init__(m=m, proto='bssap', msgtype=msgtype, traits=traits, minor=True)
+
+class Layer_hnbap(Layer):
+	def __init__(s, m:Message):
+		def strip_till_dash(dashstr):
+			if not dashstr or not '-' in dashstr:
+				return dashstr
+			dash = dashstr.rindex('-')
+			return dashstr[dash+1:]
+
+		msgtype = strip_till_dash(m.p.get('hnbap.procedurecode.showname'))
+		pdutype = strip_till_dash(sane_msgtype(m.p.get('hnbap.hnbap_pdu.showname')))
+		pdutype_nr = m.p.get('hnbap.hnbap_pdu')
+		traits = Traits(
+			msgtype_nr=int(m.p.get('hnbap.procedurecode')),
+			pdutype=pdutype,
+			pdutype_nr=int(pdutype_nr),
+			)
+		super().__init__(m=m, proto='hnbap', msgtype=msgtype, traits=traits)
+
+	def identify_entities(s, m:Message, messages, my_idx):
+		if m.get_trait('hnbap', 'msgtype_nr') == 1 and m.get_trait('hnbap', 'pdutype_nr') == 0:
+			# HNBRegister
+			return Message.EntityIdent(proto='Iuh', src_kind='hNodeB', dst_kind='HNBGW')
+		return None
+
+class Layer_rua(Layer):
+	def __init__(s, m:Message):
+		def strip_till_dash(dashstr):
+			if not dashstr or not '-' in dashstr:
+				return dashstr
+			dash = dashstr.rindex('-')
+			return dashstr[dash+1:]
+
+		msgtype = strip_till_dash(m.p.get('rua.procedurecode.showname'))
+		pdutype = strip_till_dash(sane_msgtype(m.p.get('rua.rua_pdu.showname')))
+		pdutype_nr = m.p.get('rua.rua_pdu')
+		traits = Traits(
+			msgtype_nr=int(m.p.get('rua.procedurecode')),
+			pdutype=pdutype,
+			pdutype_nr=int(pdutype_nr),
+			)
+		super().__init__(m=m, proto='iuh', msgtype=msgtype, traits=traits)
+
+
+class Layer_ranap(Layer):
+	def __init__(s, m:Message):
+		traits = Traits()
+		super().__init__(m=m, proto='ranap', msgtype=None, traits=traits)
+
+	def collapse(s, messages, my_idx):
+		msg = s.m
+
+		# cut out HNBGW hop
+		if IUH_COLLAPSE_HNBGW:
+			src = msg.src()
+			t = msg.timestamp
+			for i in reversed(range(my_idx)):
+				prev_msg = messages[i]
+				if not prev_msg:
+					continue
+				if t - prev_msg.timestamp > 1:
+					break
+				if src != prev_msg.dst():
+					continue
+				if msg.src_entity is not prev_msg.dst_entity:
+					continue
+				# DOESNT WORK
+				if not msg.same_traits(prev_msg, 'ranap', None):
+					continue
+				if not msg.same_traits(prev_msg, 'sccp', ('src_lref', 'dst_lref'), allow_unset=True):
+					continue
+				if not msg.same_traits(prev_msg, 'sctp', 'stream_id'):
+					continue
+				if not msg.same_traits(prev_msg, 'm3ua', ('opc', 'dpc')):
+					continue
+
+				prev_msg.set_trait('sctp', 'dst', msg.get_trait('sctp', 'dst'))
+				prev_msg.absorb_msg(msg)
+				messages[i] = None
+				messages[my_idx] = prev_msg
+				Entity.add_to_blacklist(src)
+				return prev_msg
+		return msg
+
+	def identify_entities(s, m:Message, messages, my_idx):
+		if m.get_trait('dtap', 'msgtype_nr') == 8 and m.dst_entity_is('MSC'):
+			# Location Updating Request coming in over RANAP (IuCS)
+
+			# find a HNBGW that has recently received the same LU,
+			# associate IuCS port
+			src_entity = None
+			for match in find_same_trait(m, messages, my_idx, 'dtap', None):
+				if 'iuh' not in match.layers:
+					continue
+				if not match.dst_entity or match.dst_entity.kind != 'HNBGW':
+					continue
+				src_entity = match.dst_entity
+				if src_entity:
+					break
+
+			return Message.EntityIdent(proto='IuCS', src_kind='HNBGW', src_entity=src_entity)
+		return None
+
+
+
+class Layer_gsm_a_bssmap(Layer):
+	def __init__(s, m:Message):
+		p = m.p
+		msgtype = p.get('gsm_a_bssmap.msgtype.showname')
+		traits = Traits(
+			msgtype_nr=int(p.get('gsm_a_bssmap.msgtype')),
+			)
+		super().__init__(m=m, proto='bssmap', msgtype=msgtype, traits=traits)
+
+	def identify_entities(s, m:Message, messages, my_idx):
+		if m.get_trait('bssmap', 'msgtype_nr') == 0x57:
+			# Complete Layer 3 Information
+
+			# associate BSC BSSMAP port with BSC RSL port
+			src_entity = None
+			for match in find_same_trait(m, messages, my_idx, 'dtap', ('tmsi', 'imsi')):
+				if 'rsl' not in match.layers:
+					continue
+				if not match.dst_entity or match.dst_entity.kind != 'BSC':
+					continue
+				src_entity = match.dst_entity
+				if src_entity:
+					break
+
+			return Message.EntityIdent(proto='bssmap', src_kind='BSC', dst_kind='MSC', src_entity = src_entity)
+		return None
+
+class Layer_gsm_abis_rsl(Layer):
+	def __init__(s, m:Message):
+		p = m.p
+		msgtype = p.get('gsm_abis_rsl.msg_type.showname')
+		msgtype_nr = p.get('gsm_abis_rsl.msg_type')
+		msgtype_nr = int(msgtype_nr) if msgtype_nr else None
+
+		sdcch = None
+		tch = None
+
+		# For Immediate Assignment, the assigned TS/chan is more interesting
+		ts = p.get('gsm_a_ccch.gsm_a_rr_timeslot')
+		if ts is not None:
+			cbits = p.get('gsm_a_ccch.gsm_a_rr_sdcch4_sdcchc4_cbch')
+		else:
+			# normal RSL messages on a given TS/chan
+			ts = p.get('gsm_abis_rsl.ch_no_tn')
+			cbits = p.get('gsm_abis_rsl.ch_no_cbits')
+		if ts is not None and cbits is not None:
+			sdcch = f'{ts}.{cbits}'
+			if ts != '0':
+				tch = sdcch
+				sdcch = None
+
+		tch_ts = p.get('gsm_a_dtap.gsm_a_rr_timeslot')
+		tch_ss = p.get('gsm_a_dtap.gsm_a_rr_tch_facch_sacchf')
+		if tch_ts and tch_ss:
+			tch = f'{tch_ts}.{tch_ss}'
+
+		rtp_port = None
+		ipacc_rtp_ip = p.get('gsm_abis_rsl.ipacc_local_ip')
+		ipacc_rtp_port = p.get('gsm_abis_rsl.ipacc_local_port')
+		if ipacc_rtp_ip and ipacc_rtp_port:
+			rtp_port = IpPort(ipacc_rtp_ip, ipacc_rtp_port)
+
+		traits = Traits(
+			msgtype_nr=msgtype_nr,
+			sdcch=sdcch,
+			tch=tch,
+			chan_type=p.get('gsm_abis_rsl.ch_type'),
+			rtp_port=rtp_port,
+			)
+		super().__init__(m=m, proto='rsl', msgtype=msgtype, traits=traits)
+		# ignore CCCH Load INDication
+		#if msgtype_nr == 18:
+		#	m.hide = True
+
+	def identify_entities(s, m:Message, messages, my_idx):
+		ids = []
+		if m.get_trait('rsl', 'msgtype') == 'RF-RESource-INDication':
+			# RSL RESource INDication from BTS to BSC
+			ids.append(Message.EntityIdent(proto='rsl', src_kind='BTS', dst_kind='BSC'))
+		if (m.get_trait('rsl', 'rtp_port') and m.src_entity_is('BTS')
+			and m.get_trait('rsl', 'msgtype_nr') in (
+							113, # ip.access-CRCX-ACK
+							116, # ip.access-MDCX-ACK
+							)):
+			ids.append(Message.EntityIdent(proto='rtp', src_kind='BTS', src_entity=m.src_entity))
+		return ids
+
+	def collapse(s, messages, my_idx):
+		# combine duplicates like rsl.CCCH-LOAD-INDication
+		for i in reversed(range(my_idx)):
+			prev_msg = messages[i]
+			if not prev_msg:
+				continue
+			if prev_msg.finalized:
+				break
+			# stop combining at any non-rsl (and non-minor) message
+			if not 'rsl' in prev_msg.layers:
+				if all(l.minor for l in prev_msg.layers.values()):
+					continue
+				else:
+					break
+			if not same_nonempty(prev_msg.get_traits('rsl'), s.m.get_traits('rsl')):
+				continue
+			if s.m.same_src_dst(prev_msg, forward=True):
+				# found a recent similar packet, combine
+				prev_msg.count += 1
+				messages[my_idx] = None
+				prev_msg.absorb_msg(s.m)
+				return prev_msg
+		return s.m
+
+	def associate(s, messages, my_idx):
+		Layer_gsm_abis_rsl.ConvRslSdcch.associate(messages, my_idx)
+		Layer_gsm_abis_rsl.ConvRslTch.associate(messages, my_idx)
+		ConversationRtpPort.associate(messages, my_idx)
+		return s.m
+
+	class ConvRslSdcch(ConversationLayer):
+		label = 'rsl_sdcch'
+
+		def association_start(s, m:Message):
+			msgt = m.get_trait('rsl', 'msgtype_nr')
+			r = msgt in (#0x16, # Immediate Assignment
+					33, # Channel Activation
+					)
+			return r and s.matches_msg(m)
+
+		def impl_msg_match_strs(s, m:Message):
+			sdcch = m.get_trait('rsl', 'sdcch')
+			if sdcch is None:
+				return None
+			bts = m.entity_port('BTS')
+			if bts is None:
+				return None
+			add_addr = str(bts) + ':'
+			return [add_addr + sdcch]
+
+	class ConvRslTch(ConversationLayer):
+		label = 'rsl_tch'
+
+		def association_start(s, m:Message):
+			msgt = m.get_trait('rsl', 'msgtype_nr')
+			r = msgt in (1, #Assignment-Command
+					)
+			return r and s.matches_msg(m)
+
+		def impl_msg_match_strs(s, m:Message):
+			tch = m.get_trait('rsl', 'tch')
+			if tch is None:
+				return None
+			bts = m.entity_port('BTS')
+			if bts is None:
+				return None
+			add_addr = str(bts) + ':'
+			return [add_addr + tch]
+
+
+class Layer_gsm_a_dtap(Layer):
+	def __init__(s, m:Message):
+		dtap = m.p.get('gsm_a_dtap')
+		assert dtap is not None
+
+		msgtype = None
+		msgtype_nr = None
+		for f in dtap._get_all_fields_with_alternates():
+			if f.name.startswith('gsm_a.dtap.msg_') and f.name.endswith('_type'):
+				msgtype = f.showname_value
+				try:
+					msgtype_nr = int(f.raw_value)
+				except:
+					pass
+
+		traits = Traits(
+			msgtype_nr=msgtype_nr,
+			imsi=m.p.get('gsm_a_dtap.e212_imsi') or m.p.get('gsm_a_dtap.gsm_a_imsi'),
+			tmsi=m.p.get('gsm_a_dtap.gsm_a_tmsi'),
+			)
+		super().__init__(m=m, proto='dtap', msgtype=msgtype, traits=traits)
+
+
+
+class Results:
+	def __init__(s, opts, flush_seconds=5):
+		set_instance_vars_from_args()
+		s.messages = []
+		s.finalized_idx = -1
+		s.show_traits = None
+		if opts.show_traits:
+			if opts.show_traits == 'all':
+				s.show_traits = True
+			else:
+				s.show_traits = opts.show_traits.split(',')
+		s.show_conversations = None
+		if opts.show_conversations:
+			if opts.show_conversations == 'all':
+				s.show_conversations = True
+			else:
+				s.show_conversations = opts.show_conversations.split(',')
+
+	def out_msg(s, msg):
+		out_text(msg.str(ladder=True, traits=s.show_traits, conversations=s.show_conversations))
+
+	def flush_msg(s, msg):
+		msg.finalized = True
+		if all(l.minor for l in msg.layers.values()):
+			return
+		if msg.hide:
+			return
+		if s.opts.filter_imsi:
+			subscr = msg.subscriber()
+			if not subscr or subscr.imsi != s.opts.filter_imsi:
+				return
+		s.out_msg(msg)
+
+	def flush(s, timestamp_now=0, flush_seconds=0):
+		flush_t = timestamp_now - flush_seconds
+		for i in range(s.finalized_idx+1, len(s.messages)):
+			msg = s.messages[i]
+			if not msg:
+				continue
+			if timestamp_now and msg.timestamp > flush_t:
+				break
+			s.finalized_idx = i
+			s.flush_msg(msg)
+
+	def add_msg(s, msg):
+		global g_current_msg
+		s.flush(msg.timestamp, s.flush_seconds)
+		try:
+			g_current_msg = msg
+			if not msg.layers:
+				return
+			s.messages.append(msg)
+			idx = len(s.messages) - 1
+			changed_msg = msg.collapse(s.messages, idx)
+			# if the received message was absorbed by another, continue to identify the modified message using the
+			# new index
+			if changed_msg is not None and changed_msg is not msg:
+				msg = changed_msg
+				idx = s.messages.index(msg)
+			Entity.set_known(msg)
+			changed_msg = msg.associate(s.messages, idx)
+			if changed_msg is not None and changed_msg is not msg:
+				msg = changed_msg
+				idx = s.messages.index(msg)
+			msg.identify_entities(s.messages, idx)
+			Subscriber.identify(msg, s.messages, idx)
+		except:
+			s.flush()
+
+			out_error('Exception while processing message:')
+			s.out_msg(msg)
+			raise
+
+	def process_cap(s, cap):
+		p_idx = 0
+		start_t = time.time()
+		p_min_t = None
+		p_max_t = None
+		warn_t = start_t
+		warn_p_t = None
+		for cap_p in cap:
+			p_idx += 1
+			if p_idx < opts.packet_start:
+				continue
+			if opts.packet_count and (p_idx - opts.packet_start) > opts.packet_count:
+				break
+			if opts.packet_end and p_idx > opts.packet_end:
+				break
+			msg = Message.parse(Packet(p_idx, cap_p))
+			p_min_t = msg.timestamp if p_min_t is None else min(p_min_t, msg.timestamp)
+			p_max_t = msg.timestamp if p_max_t is None else max(p_max_t, msg.timestamp)
+			s.add_msg(msg)
+
+			now = time.time()
+			if warn_p_t is None or now > warn_t + 3:
+				if warn_p_t:
+					packet_time = p_max_t - warn_p_t
+					real_time = now - warn_t
+					if packet_time < real_time:
+						out_text(f'! taking longer to calculate than packets arrive by {100.*(real_time - packet_time)/packet_time:.1f}%')
+				warn_t = now
+				warn_p_t = p_max_t
+		s.flush()
+		end_t = time.time()
+		out_text(f'packet time: {p_max_t - p_min_t:.1f}  in real time: {end_t - start_t:.1f}')
+
+	def process_file(s, path):
+		cap = pyshark.FileCapture(path)
+		s.process_cap(cap)
+
+	def process_live(s, iface):
+		cap = pyshark.LiveCapture(iface)
+		p_idx = 0
+		try:
+			for cap_p in cap.sniff_continuously():
+				p_idx += 1
+				msg = Message.parse(Packet(p_idx, cap_p))
+				s.add_msg(msg)
+		except KeyboardInterrupt:
+			pass
+		s.flush()
+
+	def __str__(s):
+		return '\n'.join(str(m) for m in s.messages)
+
+
+def run_tests():
+	def out_test(*args, **kwargs):
+		print(*args, **kwargs)
+
+	def dump_conv(label, c):
+		if not c:
+			out_test(label, 'conversation=None')
+			return
+		out_test(label, c, '{' if c.messages else 'empty')
+		for m in c.messages:
+			out_test(' ' * len(label), '  -', m.str(traits=True))
+		if c.messages:
+			out_test(' ' * len(label), '  }')
+		for i in range(len(c.messages)):
+			m = c.messages[i]
+			if m.conversation is not c:
+				out_test(f'ERROR: c->messages[{i}].conversation != c for')
+				out_test(m)
+				assert False
+
+	class FakeConvLayer(ConversationLayer):
+		label = 'fake'
+
+	class fake_obj:
+		def __init__(s, sniff_timestamp=12345, **kwargs):
+			set_instance_vars_from_args()
+
+	cap_p1 = fake_obj(foo='foo', bar='bar')
+	p1 = Packet(1, cap_p1)
+
+	cap_p2 = fake_obj(foo='moo', bar='mar')
+	p2 = Packet(2, cap_p2)
+
+	cap_p3 = fake_obj(foo='goo', bar='gar')
+	p3 = Packet(3, cap_p3)
+
+
+
+	out_test('Test absorb_conversation')
+
+	def test_conv_absorb_conv(a, b):
+		dump_conv('\na', a)
+		dump_conv('b', b)
+		a = a.absorb_conversation(b)
+		dump_conv('=', a)
+		return a
+
+	c = test_conv_absorb_conv(Conversation(), Conversation())
+	assert not c.messages
+
+	m1 = Message(p1)
+	cl1 = FakeConvLayer().merge_conversation_with_msg(m1)
+	c = test_conv_absorb_conv(Conversation(), cl1.conversation)
+	assert m1 in c.messages
+
+	m1 = Message(p1)
+	cl1 = FakeConvLayer().merge_conversation_with_msg(m1)
+	c = test_conv_absorb_conv(cl1.conversation, Conversation())
+	assert m1 in c.messages
+
+	m1 = Message(p1)
+	cl1 = FakeConvLayer().merge_conversation_with_msg(m1)
+	m2 = Message(p2)
+	cl2 = FakeConvLayer().merge_conversation_with_msg(m2)
+	c = test_conv_absorb_conv(m1.conversation, m2.conversation)
+	assert m1 in c.messages
+	assert m2 in c.messages
+
+	out_test('\nTest Conversation.add_message')
+	def test_conv_add_msg(conv_layer, msg):
+		conv = conv_layer.ensure_conversation()
+		dump_conv('\n', conv)
+		out_test('+', msg.str(conversations=True,traits=True))
+		conv.add_message(msg)
+		dump_conv('=', conv)
+		return conv
+
+	cl1 = FakeConvLayer()
+	m2 = Message(p2)
+	c = test_conv_add_msg(cl1, m2)
+	assert m2 in c.messages
+
+	m1 = Message(p1)
+	cl1 = FakeConvLayer().merge_conversation_with_msg(m1)
+	m2 = Message(p2)
+	c = test_conv_add_msg(cl1, m2)
+	assert m1 in c.messages
+	assert m2 in c.messages
+
+	m1 = Message(p1)
+	cl1 = FakeConvLayer()
+	cl1 = cl1.merge_conversation_with_msg(m1)
+	c = test_conv_add_msg(cl1, m1)
+	assert m1 in c.messages
+
+	m1 = Message(p1)
+	cl1 = FakeConvLayer().merge_conversation_with_msg(m1)
+	m2 = Message(p2)
+	cl2 = FakeConvLayer().merge_conversation_with_msg(m2)
+	c = test_conv_add_msg(cl1, m2)
+	assert m1 in c.messages
+	assert m2 in c.messages
+	assert c.layers.get(FakeConvLayer.label)
+
+	out_test('\nTest ConversationLayer.merge_conversation_with_msg')
+	def test_conv_layer_add_msg(conv_layer, msg):
+		dump_conv('\n', conv_layer.conversation)
+		out_test('+', msg.str(conversations=True,traits=True))
+		if msg.conversation:
+			dump_conv('  with', msg.conversation)
+		conv_layer = conv_layer.merge_conversation_with_msg(msg)
+		dump_conv('=', conv_layer.conversation)
+
+	m1 = Message(p1)
+	cl1 = FakeConvLayer().merge_conversation_with_msg(m1)
+	m2 = Message(p2)
+	test_conv_layer_add_msg(cl1, m2)
+	assert m1 in cl1.conversation.messages
+	assert m2 in cl1.conversation.messages
+	assert cl1.conversation.layers.get(FakeConvLayer.label)
+
+	m1 = Message(p1)
+	cl1 = FakeConvLayer().merge_conversation_with_msg(m1)
+	m2 = Message(p2)
+	cl2 = FakeConvLayer().merge_conversation_with_msg(m2)
+	test_conv_layer_add_msg(cl1, m2)
+	assert m1 in cl1.conversation.messages
+	assert m2 in cl1.conversation.messages
+	assert cl1.conversation.layers.get(FakeConvLayer.label)
+	assert cl2.conversation is None
+
+	m1 = Message(p1)
+	cl1 = FakeConvLayer().merge_conversation_with_msg(m1)
+	m3 = Message(p3)
+	cl1 = cl1.merge_conversation_with_msg(m3)
+	m2 = Message(p2)
+	cl2 = FakeConvLayer().merge_conversation_with_msg(m2)
+	test_conv_layer_add_msg(cl2, m1)
+	dump_conv('m1', m1.conversation)
+	dump_conv('m2', m2.conversation)
+	assert m1 in m2.conversation.messages
+	assert m2 in m1.conversation.messages
+	assert cl1.conversation.layers.get(FakeConvLayer.label)
+	assert cl2.conversation is None
+
+
+def parse_args():
+	import argparse
+	parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__,
+			formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter)
+	parser.add_argument('--pcap-file', '-f', metavar='file')
+	parser.add_argument('--live-capture', '-l', metavar='interface')
+	parser.add_argument('--packet-start', '-S', default=0, type=int)
+	parser.add_argument('--packet-count', '-C', default=0, type=int)
+	parser.add_argument('--packet-end', '-E', default=0, type=int)
+	parser.add_argument('--filter-imsi', default=None)
+	parser.add_argument('--show-traits', default=None)
+	parser.add_argument('--show-conversations', default=None)
+	parser.add_argument('--test', action='store_true')
+	return parser.parse_args()
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+	opts = parse_args()
+
+	if opts.test:
+		run_tests()
+	else:
+		r = Results(opts)
+		if opts.pcap_file:
+			r.process_file(opts.pcap_file)
+		if opts.live_capture:
+			r.process_live(opts.live_capture)
+		r.flush()
+
+# vim: noexpandtab tabstop=8 shiftwidth=8
-- 
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